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prehistory & ancient civilizations

For this period, we may or may not know who, if anyone, was the lead designer or if we can appropriately identify them under this title.  Nor may it be appropriate to isolate any one individual.  When no specific individual is identified, we take this opportunity to explore communities and civilizations that interpreted philosophical, cultural, and spiritual beliefs through landscape modifications, including the building of ancient cities.

key places of interest
Old World Caves
Chauvet Cave: Lascaux, France​
Zeus Cave: Mount Ida, Crete
Cave of Eileithyia: Amnisos, Crete
Old World Menhirs, Circles & Earthworks
Menhirs: Carnac, France​
Stonehenge: Salisbury, England
Ménec Alignment: Carnac, France
Uffington White Horse: Oxford, England
The Americas Circles & Earthworks
Woodhenge: Cahokia, Illinois​
Earthen Circles: Newark, Ohio
Nazca Lines: Nazca, Peru
Serpent Mound: Grove, Ohio
Great Bear Mound: Marquette, Iowa
Architectural Mountains & Mounds
Nanna Ziggurat: Ur (Muqaiyir, Iraq)​
Pyramids: Giza, Egypt
Pyramids of the Moon/Pyramid of the Sun: Teotihuacán, Mexico
Watson Brake: Monroe, Louisiana
Temples & Shrines
Galaganatha Temple: Pattadakal, Karnataka, India​
Temple of Mentuhotep II/Queen Hatshepsut: Deir el-Bahri, Egypt
Temple of Amenhotep III, Luxor, Egypt
Rock Shrine: Quenco, Peru
Moai Statues: Easter Island, Chile
Ancient Cities, Parks & Gardens
Hanging Gardens: Babylon...or is it Naneveh? Present day Iraq​
Persepolis, Iran
Ctesiphon, Iran
Obilisk: Abusir, Egypt
Obilisk of Tuthmose III: Relocation, New York City, United States
Knossus, Crete
Phaistos, Crete
Mycenae, Greece
Teotihuacán, Mexico
Taos Pueblo, New Mexico
Cahokia, Illinois
Cliff Palace: Mesa Verda, Colorado
Pueblo Bonito: Chaco Canyon, Arizona
Tiwanaku, Peru

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