For this period, we may or may not know who, if anyone, was the lead designer or if we can appropriately identify them under this title.  Nor may it be appropriate to isolate any one individual.  When no specific individual is identified, we take this opportunity to explore communities and civilizations that interpreted philosophical, cultural, and spiritual beliefs through landscape modifications, including the building of ancient cities.

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key places of interest

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Old World Caves

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Chauvet Cave: Lascaux, France​

Zeus Cave: Mount Ida, Crete

Cave of Eileithyia: Amnisos, Crete

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Old World Menhirs, Circles & Earthworks

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Menhirs: Carnac, France​

Stonehenge: Salisbury, England

Ménec Alignment: Carnac, France

Uffington White Horse: Oxford, England

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The Americas Circles & Earthworks

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Woodhenge: Cahokia, Illinois​

Earthen Circles: Newark, Ohio

Nazca Lines: Nazca, Peru

Serpent Mound: Grove, Ohio

Great Bear Mound: Marquette, Iowa

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Architectural Mountains & Mounds

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Nanna Ziggurat: Ur (Muqaiyir, Iraq)​

Pyramids: Giza, Egypt

Pyramids of the Moon/Pyramid of the Sun: Teotihuacán, Mexico

Watson Brake: Monroe, Louisiana

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Temples & Shrines

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Galaganatha Temple: Pattadakal, Karnataka, India​

Temple of Mentuhotep II/Queen Hatshepsut: Deir el-Bahri, Egypt

Temple of Amenhotep III, Luxor, Egypt

Rock Shrine: Quenco, Peru

Moai Statues: Easter Island, Chile

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Ancient Cities, Parks & Gardens

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Hanging Gardens: Babylon...or is it Naneveh? Present day Iraq​

Persepolis, Iran

Ctesiphon, Iran

Obilisk: Abusir, Egypt

Obilisk of Tuthmose III: Relocation, New York City, United States

Knossus, Crete

Phaistos, Crete

Mycenae, Greece

Teotihuacán, Mexico

Taos Pueblo, New Mexico

Cahokia, Illinois

Cliff Palace: Mesa Verda, Colorado

Pueblo Bonito: Chaco Canyon, Arizona

Tiwanaku, Peru

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